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Latest->Water Supply, Sanitation and Water Based Disease Incidents in Four PHI Areas from the Kurunegala.
Population in Kurunegala district especially at urban and peri-urban areas is increasing without sufficient water supply and sanitation facilities. In additions, pollution of water sources due to urbanization and other activities has been taking place, which has led to increase in water related diseases spreading. A study was conducted in four Public Health Inspector (PHI) areas (Alawwa, Kurunegala, Kusdagalgamuwa and Narammala) from intermediate zone of Kurunegala district with the objectives to assess water supply, health and sanitation situations prevailing with temporal variability of the water related disease spreading. Information on waterborne diseases, water washed or water scared diseases and water based vector borne diseases were collected from the epidemiological unit of Medical Office of Health (MOH), Kurunegala and relevant PHI divisions for the period 1996 - 2006. A number of different tools were used to asses the overall water supply and sanitation of the PHI areas. The study areas have a better coverage of water supply when it is compared with the district and national figures. Sanitation coverage in Alawwa is less than the national and district averages. This has reflected by the highest number of patients recorded for hepatitis and dysentery from Alawwa. The least hepatitis, dysentery and typhoid cases are recorded from the least populated area, Kudagalgamuwa. Dengue, dysentery, typhoid and leptospirosis show temporal variations in occurrence. Dengue is more prominent in the North-East and South-West monsoons while recording lowest incidents during the inter-monsoonal periods. Dysentery is mostly recorded during the South-West monsoon and second inter-monsoon period. Dysentery is recorded least during the North-East monsoon and first inter-monsoon. Leptospirosis is mostly recorded in the months of February and October. Typhoid is more prominent in the first inter-monsoon. Hepatitis does not show any significant temporal pattern in the occurrence.
By: R.A.T.C.S. Ranashingha, M.M.M. Najim, R.M.N.S. Ranundeniya and U.S.C. Udagedara
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